883 research outputs found
Dual-random ensemble method for multi-label classification of biological data
This paper presents a dual-random ensemble multi-label classification method for classification of multi-label data. The method is formed by integrating and extending the concepts of feature subspace method and random k-label set ensemble multi-label classification method. Experiemental results show that the developed method outperforms the exisiting multi-lable classification methods on three different multi-lable datasets including the biological yeast and genbase datasets.<br /
The Oldest Stars of the Extremely Metal-Poor Local Group Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Leo A
We present deep Hubble Space Telescope single-star photometry of Leo A in B,
V, and I. Our new field of view is offset from the centrally located field
observed by Tolstoy et al. (1998) in order to expose the halo population of
this galaxy. We report the detection of metal-poor red horizontal branch stars,
which demonstrate that Leo A is not a young galaxy. In fact, Leo A is as least
as old as metal-poor Galactic Globular Clusters which exhibit red horizontal
branches, and are considered to have a minimum age of about 9 Gyr. We discuss
the distance to Leo A, and perform an extensive comparison of the data with
stellar isochrones. For a distance modulus of 24.5, the data are better than
50% complete down to absolute magnitudes of 2 or more. We can easily identify
stars with metallicities between 0.0001 and 0.0004, and ages between about 5
and 10 Gyr, in their post-main-sequence phases, but lack the detection of
main-sequence turnoffs which would provide unambiguous proof of ancient (>10
Gyr) stellar generations. Blue horizontal branch stars are above the detection
limits, but difficult to distinguish from young stars with similar colors and
magnitudes. Synthetic color-magnitude diagrams show it is possible to populate
the blue horizontal branch in the halo of Leo A. The models also suggest ~50%
of the total astrated mass in our pointing to be attributed to an ancient (>10
Gyr) stellar population. We conclude that Leo A started to form stars at least
about 9 Gyr ago. Leo A exhibits an extremely low oxygen abundance, of only 3%
of Solar, in its ionized interstellar medium. The existence of old stars in
this very oxygen-deficient galaxy illustrates that a low oxygen abundance does
not preclude a history of early star formation.Comment: 44 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in the August 2002
issue of AJ. High resolution figures is available at
http://www.astro.spbu.ru/staff/dio/preprints.htm
High frequency magnetic oscillations of the organic metal -(ET)ZnBr(CHCl) in pulsed magnetic field of up to 81 T
De Haas-van Alphen oscillations of the organic metal
-(ET)ZnBr(CHCl) are studied in pulsed magnetic
fields up to 81 T. The long decay time of the pulse allows determining reliable
field-dependent amplitudes of Fourier components with frequencies up to several
kiloteslas. The Fourier spectrum is in agreement with the model of a linear
chain of coupled orbits. In this model, all the observed frequencies are linear
combinations of the frequency linked to the basic orbit and to the
magnetic-breakdown orbit .Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Identifying Old Tidal Dwarf Irregulars
We examine the observational consequences of the two possible origins for
irregular galaxies: formation from collapse of a primordial cloud of gas early
in the age of the Universe, and formation from tidal tails in an interaction
that could have occured any time in the history of the Universe. Because the
formation from tidal tails could have occurred a long time ago, proximity to
larger galaxies is not sufficient to distinguish tidal dwarfs from traditional
dwarfs. We consider the effects of little or no dark matter on rotation speeds
and the Tully-Fisher relationship, the metallicity-luminosity relationship,
structure, and stellar populations. From these selection criteria, we identify
a small list of dwarf irregular galaxies that are candidates for having formed
as tidal dwarfs.Comment: ApJ, to appear September 20, 200
Temperature- and pressure-dependent metallic states in (BEDT-TTF)8[Hg4Br12(C6H5Br)2]
Temperature-driven metal-insulator and pressure-driven insulator-metal
transitions observed in(BEDT-TTF)8[Hg4X12(C6H5Y)2]] with X = Y = Br are studied
through band structure calculations based on X-ray crystal structure
determination and Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations spectra, respectively.
In connection with chemical pressure effect, the transition, which is not
observed for X = Cl, is due to gap opening linked to structural changes as the
temperature decreases. Even though many body interactions can be inferred from
the pressure dependence of the SdH oscillations spectra, all the data can be
described within a Fermi liquid picture
Structure detection in the D1 CFHTLS deep field using accurate photometric redshifts: a benchmark
We investigate structures in the D1 CFHTLS deep field in order to test the
method that will be applied to generate homogeneous samples of clusters and
groups of galaxies in order to constrain cosmology and detailed physics of
groups and clusters. Adaptive kernel technique is applied on galaxy catalogues.
This technique needs none of the usual a-priori assumptions (luminosity
function, density profile, colour of galaxies) made with other methods. Its
main drawback (decrease of efficiency with increasing background) is overcame
by the use of narrow slices in photometric redshift space. There are two main
concerns in structure detection. One is false detection and the second, the
evaluation of the selection function in particular if one wants "complete"
samples. We deal here with the first concern using random distributions. For
the second, comparison with detailed simulations is foreseen but we use here a
pragmatic approach with comparing our results to GalICS simulations to check
that our detection number is not totally at odds compared to cosmological
simulations. We use XMM-LSS survey and secured VVDS redshifts up to z~1 to
check individual detections. We show that our detection method is basically
capable to recover (in the regions in common) 100% of the C1 XMM-LSS X-ray
detections in the correct redshift range plus several other candidates.
Moreover when spectroscopic data are available, we confirm our detections, even
those without X-ray data.Comment: 14 pages, 22 additionnal jpeg figures, accepted in A&
Geochemical features of Sakhalin Island mud volcanoes
The study, based on a complex geochemical research, found that the composition of the most chemical elements in mud breccia from the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky (YSMV) and Pugachevsky (PMV) mud volcanoes (Sakhalin Island), the unique phenomena of endogenous defluidization in the Hokkaido-Sakhalin fold system (alpine-type folding), are comparable to Clark (C) contents of these elements (0.8-1.2 ×C). For Na, Li, Zn andSn, the ratio between the elemental contentsand their Clarke values (Csample/Clark value) vary from 1.4 to 5.2 xC. But the increased contents of Na and Li are due to the ascending endogenous fluid revealed. Study of the mud breccia chemical composition changes in different explosive activity of YSMV under the seismic activity variationsallowed to establish that, when the mud-volcanic gryphonsare activated against the background of increase in the temperature of the water-mud mixture and the emission of spontaneous gases, the contents of a number of elements (iron, calcium, manganese, rare earth elements, etc.) are decreased. This is explained by the formation of soluble hydrocarbonate complexes. Daginskiegasgeothermal system (DGHS) trace elements depletedooze samples were compared with YSMV and PMVsamples and exposedthat thehigh ratios of Csample /Clarke values for the majority of elements do not exceed 0.6 × C.Ooze samples from DGHS having higher elemental contents than Clark contents were observed only for Cd content (2.2-3.4 ×C) and Pb (0.7-1.5 ×C). Analysis of diatom flora on the DGHS site indicates the existence of an active fluid dynamic system that drains oil and gas bearing complexes. The factors determining the "weighting" of the methane carbon isotope composition in the southern part of Sakhalin Island are the increased seismic activity of deep-seated faults, as well as the presence of intrusions (diabase) and metamorphically altered rocks.References Aliyev A.A., Guliyev I.S., Rakhmanov R.R., 2009. Catalog of eruptions of Azerbaijan mud volcanoes (1810-2007). Baku Nafta-Press, 109p. Astakhov A.S., et al., 2002. Defluitization process dynamic of the Central Sakhalin fault at seismic activization (by monitoring results of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky mud volcano in July - August 2001) DAN 2002, 386(2), 223-228. Decisions of operational interdepartmental regional stratigraphical meetings on the Paleogene and Neogene of east regions of Russia-Kamchatka, Koryak Upland, Sakhalin and Kuril Islands, 1998. 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